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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zhps</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал прикладной спектроскопии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Zhurnal Prikladnoii Spektroskopii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-7506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zhps-1562</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СПЕКТРОСКОПИЯ РАССЕИВАЮЩИХ СРЕД</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SPECTROSCOPY OF SCATTERING MEDIA</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Спектроскопия аммония в позициях с несогласованной симметрией в кристаллических структурах солей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Spectroscopy of Ammonium Occupying Symmetry-Inapropriate Positions in Crystal Structures of Salts</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeeva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петропавловск-Камчатский</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anastavalers@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полевой</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polevoy</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">xhokantu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голикова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golikova</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">xhokantu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назарова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петропавловск-Камчатский</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гладышкина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gladyshkina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kontrra@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карташева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kartasheva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петропавловск-Камчатский</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петропавловск-Камчатский</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт вулканологии и сейсмологии ДВО РАН</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, FEB RAS</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт общей и неорганической химии</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Региональный центр выявления, поддержки и развития способностей и талантов у детей и молодежи “Орион”</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Center for Identification, Support, and Development of Abilities and Talents of Children and Youth “Orion”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>91</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>394</fpage><lpage>408</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сергеева А.В., Полевой Л.А., Голикова М.В., Назарова М.А., Гладышкина А.В., Карташева Е.В., Кузьмина А.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сергеева А.В., Полевой Л.А., Голикова М.В., Назарова М.А., Гладышкина А.В., Карташева Е.В., Кузьмина А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sergeeva A.V., Polevoy L.A., Golikova M.B., Nazarova M.A., Gladyshkina A.V., Kartasheva E.V., Kuzmina A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zhps.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/1562">https://zhps.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/1562</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследованы колебательные спектры встречающихся в природе аммонийных сульфатов: чермигита NH4Al(SO4)2(H2O)12, лонкрикита NH4Fe(SO4)2(H2O)12, аммониовольтаита (NH4)2Fe2+ 5Fe3+ 3Al(SO4)12(H2O)18, сабиита NH4Fe(SO4)2, аммониоалунита NH4Al3(SO4)2(OH)6 и аммониоярозита NH4Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6, для определения поведения аммония в позициях с несогласованной симметрией. Выявлено разупорядочение катиона аммония в кристаллах солей, вызванное необходимостью подстройки тетраэдрического катиона под симметрию позиции, для сохранения симметрии кристалла. В случае, если группа симметрии позиции не является подгруппой группы симметрии тетраэдра, происходит искажение тетраэдра NH4+ по подгруппе Hʹ, общей для Td и H, где H — группа симметрии позиции. Затем из N = |H|/|Hʹ| (|H|, |Hʹ| — порядки групп) искаженных тетраэдров формально можно сконструировать полиэдр, отвечающий симметрии позиции. Катион аммония при разупорядочении имеет несколько ориентаций (N), суперпозиция которых формально дает полиэдр, отвечающий локальной симметрии. Максимальные общие подгруппы для заданных солей — C3ν и C3. Искажение аммония приводит к активации в ИК-спектре колебаний ν1, ν2 [NH4+] и расщеплению ν3, ν4 [NH4+], однако в случае нахождения аммония в центрально-симметричной позиции, как в аммониоалуните и аммониоярозите, эффект мало заметен. Для аммонийных квасцов, аммониовольтаита, сабиита полоса ν4 [NH4+] расщеплена, а колебания ν1, ν2 [NH4+] отчетливо видны в спектрах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The vibrational spectra of ammonium sulfates found in nature are studied: tschermigite NH4Al(SO4)2(H2O)12, lonecreekite NH4Fe(SO4)2(H2O)12, ammoniovoltaite (NH4)2Fe2+ 5Fe3+ 3Al(SO4)12(H2O)18, sabieite NH4Fe(SO4)2, ammonioalunite NH4Al3(SO4)2(OH)6 and ammoniojarosite NH4Fe3(SO4)2(OH)6, to determine the behavior of ammonium in positions with inappropriate symmetry. The disordering of the ammonium cation in salt crystals was revealed, caused by the need to adjust the tetrahedral cation to the symmetry of the position in order to preserve the symmetry of the crystal. If the symmetry group of the position is not a subgroup of the symmetry group of the tetrahedron, the NH4+ tetrahedron is distorted by the subgroup Hʹ common for Td and H, where H is the symmetry group of the position. Then, a polyhedron corresponding to the symmetry of the position is constructed from N = |H|/|Hʹ| (|H|, |Hʹ| – the orders of these groups) distorted tetrahedra. The ammonium cation under disordering has several orientations (N), the superposition of which formally gives a polyhedron corresponding to local symmetry. For the given salts, the maximum common subgroups are C3ν and C3. The distortion of ammonium leads to activation of ν1, ν2 [NH4+] vibrations in the infrared spectrum and splitting of ν3, ν4 [NH4+] but in the case of finding the ammonium in a centrallysymmetrical position, as in ammonioalunite and ammonioarosite, the effect is hardly noticeable. On the contrary, in ammonium alum, ammoniovoltaite, sabeyite the band ν4 [NH4+] is noticeably split, and vibrations of ν1, ν2 [NH4+] are clearly seen in the spectra.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>симметрия</kwd><kwd>координационный полиэдр</kwd><kwd>колебательный спектр</kwd><kwd>расщепление колебаний</kwd><kwd>симметрийный анализ</kwd><kwd>разупорядочение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>symmetry</kwd><kwd>coordination polyhedron</kwd><kwd>vibrational spectrum</kwd><kwd>vibration splitting</kwd><kwd>symmetry analysis</kwd><kwd>disorder</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. Parafiniuk, Ł. Kruszewski. Mineral. Mag., 74, N 4 (2010) 731, https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2010.074.4.731</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J. Parafiniuk, Ł. Kruszewski. Mineral. 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