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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zhps</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал прикладной спектроскопии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Zhurnal Prikladnoii Spektroskopii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-7506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zhps-2158</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сольватохромия полиметиновых красителей как основа для разработки новых молекулярных зондов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Solvatochromism of Polymethine Dyes as a Basis for the Development of New Molecular Probes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Татиколов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tatikolov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tatikolov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пронкин</surname><given-names>П. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pronkin</surname><given-names>P. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биохимической физики им. Н.М. Эмануэля РАН</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>93</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>165</fpage><lpage>174</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Татиколов А.С., Пронкин П.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Татиколов А.С., Пронкин П.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tatikolov A.S., Pronkin P.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zhps.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/2158">https://zhps.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/2158</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучена сольватохромия полиметиновых (цианиновых) красителей (ПК) для выявления влияния свойств растворителя на их спектральные характеристики. С этой целью измерены спектры поглощения и флуоресценции ПК различных классов в растворителях различной природы (от сильнополярных до неполярных и от протонодонорных до апротонных). На основе полученных экспериментальных результатов и имеющихся литературных данных установлена корреляция максимумов поглощения и флуоресценции ПК (νпогл и νфл) с полярностью (диэлектрической проницаемостью ε) и поляризуемостью (показателем преломления n) растворителя. Показано, что значения νпогл и νфл плохо коррелируют с функцией Бейлисса f(n2) = (n2 – 1)/(2n2 + 1), однако хорошие линейные корреляции достигаются при комбинировании функции Бейлисса с функциями диэлектрической проницаемости растворителя f(ε) или ϕ(ε) в виде f(n2) + αf(ε) или f(n2) + αf(ε) (где f(ε) = (ε – 1)/(2ε + 1) и ϕ(ε) = (ε – 1)/(ε + 2)). Такие корреляции обнаружены для симметричных ПК — карбо-, дикарбо- и частично трикарбоцианинов и монометинов. При этом не обнаружено существенного влияния на такие корреляции протонодонорной способности или нуклеофильности растворителя. Сделан вывод, что поляризуемость и полярность растворителя являются доминирующими факторами, определяющими спектральные сдвиги симметричных ПК. Полученные результаты создают основу для использования симметричных ПК в качестве зондов и сенсоров полярности/поляризуемости молекулярного окружения в различных системах с потенциальным применением в биохимии, биофизике и других областях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The solvatochromism of polymethine (cyanine) dyes (PDs) was studied to determine the influence of solvent properties on their spectral characteristics. For this purpose, the absorption and fluorescence spectra of PDs of various classes were measured in solvents of different nature (from highly polar to nonpolar and from proton-donating to aprotic). Based on the experimental results obtained and literature data available, a correlation was established between the wavenumbers of the absorption and fluorescence maxima of PDs (νabs and νfl, respectively) and the polarity (dielectric constant ε) and polarizability (refractive index n) of the solvent. It has been shown that the νabs and νfl values poorly correlate with Bayliss function f(n2) = (n2 – 1)/(2n2 + 1). However, good linear correlations are achieved by combining the Bayliss function with the solvent dielectric constant functions f(ε) or ϕ(ε) in the form f(n2) + αf(ε) or f(n2) + αf(ε) (where f(ε) = (ε – 1)/(2ε + 1) and ϕ(ε) = (ε – 1)/(ε + 2)). Such correlations were found for symmetrical PDs – carbo-, dicarbo-, and, partially, tricarbocyanines and monomethines. No significant effects of the proton-donating ability or nucleophilicity of the solvent on such correlations were found. Therefore, solvent polarizability and polarity are the dominant factors determining the spectral shifts of symmetrical PDs. The results obtained provide a basis for the use of symmetrical PCs as probes and sensors of the polarity/polarizability of the molecular environment in various systems, with potential applications in biochemistry, biophysics and other research fields.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полиметиновые (цианиновые) красители</kwd><kwd>сольватохромия</kwd><kwd>показатель преломления</kwd><kwd>диэлектрическая проницаемость</kwd><kwd>функция Бейлисса</kwd><kwd>молекулярные зонды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polymethine (cyanine) dyes</kwd><kwd>solvatochromism</kwd><kwd>refractive index</kwd><kwd>dielectric constant</kwd><kwd>Bayliss function</kwd><kwd>molecular probes</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках гос. задания ИБХФ РАН (№ 001201253314). Авторы благодарят проф. Б.И. 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