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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zhps</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал прикладной спектроскопии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Zhurnal Prikladnoii Spektroskopii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-7506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zhps-2176</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Парамагнитные дефекты структуры MAX-фаз Cr–Ti–Al–C</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Paramagnetic Structural Defects of MAX-Phases Cr–Ti–Al–C</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оводок</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovodok</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ovodok@bsu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивановская</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanovskaya</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селезнев</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seleznev</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Злотский</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zlotsky</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Азарко</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Azarko</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Углов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uglov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Верещака</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vereschaka</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт физико-химических проблем БГУ</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Physical and Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный технологический университет “СТАНКИН”</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Technological University “STANKIN”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт конструкторско-технологической информатики РАН</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Design and Technological Informatics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>93</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>216</fpage><lpage>225</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Оводок Е.А., Ивановская М.И., Селезнев А.Е., Злотский С.В., Азарко И.И., Углов В.В., Верещака А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Оводок Е.А., Ивановская М.И., Селезнев А.Е., Злотский С.В., Азарко И.И., Углов В.В., Верещака А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ovodok E.A., Ivanovskaya M.I., Seleznev A.E., Zlotsky S.V., Azarko I.I., Uglov V.V., Vereschaka A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zhps.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/2176">https://zhps.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/2176</self-uri><abstract><p>Методами рентгенофазового анализа, рентгеновской фотоэлектронной спектроскопии (РФЭС) и электронного парамагнитного резонанса исследованы фазовый состав, состояние поверхности и природа парамагнитных центров в образце MAX-фазы Cr2TiAlC2, полученной спеканием в вакууме при 1300 oС спрессованных порошков Cr, Al, TiC, С. По данным рентгеновской дифракции основной является МАХ-фаза 312 (Cr2/3Ti1/3)3AlC2 с примесями Cr1.5Ti0.5AlC, Cr2AlC, α-Al2O3, карбидов и оксидов хрома. Методом РФЭС установлено, что на поверхности образца преобладают оксид алюминия и окисленные состояния титана и хрома, при этом соотношение Ti4+/Ti3+/Ti2+ = 1.58/1.0/1.08, содержание Cr3+ превышает содержание Cr6+ более чем в три раза. Изучена природа парамагнитных центров в образце (Cr2/3Ti1/3)3AlC2. Выявлены электронные дефекты и дырочные центры О– и Cr3+ в различных оксидных матрицах приповерхностных слоев, что может иметь важное значение для электронной проводимости и магнитных свойств.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The phase composition, surface condition and nature of paramagnetic centers in the sample of MAX-phase Cr2TiAlC2 obtained by sintering pressed powders of Cr, Al, TiC, C in vacuum at 1300°C were studied using X-ray phase analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron paramagnetic resonance. According to X-ray diffraction data, the main phase is MAX-phase 312 (Cr2/3Ti1/3)3AlC2 with impurities of Cr1.5Ti0.5AlC, Cr2AlC, α-Al2O3, carbides and chromium oxides. XPS analysis revealed that aluminum oxide and oxidized states of titanium and chromium predominate on the sample surface, with the Ti4+/Ti3+/Ti2+ ratio being 1.58/1.0/1.08, and the Cr3+ content exceeding the Cr6+ content by more than three times. The nature of paramagnetic centers in the (Cr2/3Ti1/3)3AlC2 sample is established. Electronic defects and various types of O– and Cr3+ hole centers were identified in various oxide matrices of the near-surface layers, which may be important for the electron conductivity and magnetic properties.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>MAX-фаза Cr2TiAlC2</kwd><kwd>спекание в вакууме</kwd><kwd>рентгеновская фотоэлектронная спектроскопия</kwd><kwd>электронный парамагнитный резонанс</kwd><kwd>парамагнитные центры Cr3+</kwd><kwd>Cr5+</kwd><kwd>O–</kwd><kwd>O2–</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>MAX phase of Cr2TiAlC2</kwd><kwd>vacuum sintering</kwd><kwd>X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy</kwd><kwd>electron paramagnetic resonance</kwd><kwd>paramagnetic centers of Cr3+</kwd><kwd>Cr5+</kwd><kwd>O–</kwd><kwd>O2–</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках совместного белорусско-российского проекта, финансируемого Белорусским республиканским фондом фундаментальных исследований (грант № Т23РНФМ-35) и Российским научным фондом (грант № 24-49-10012); НИР 2.1.05.02 ГПНИ “Химические процессы и технологии”, 2026—2030 гг.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">M. 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