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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zhps</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал прикладной спектроскопии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Zhurnal Prikladnoii Spektroskopii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-7506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zhps-2185</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АННОТАЦИИ АНГЛОЯЗЫЧНЫХ СТАТЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ABSTRACTS ENGLISH-LANGUAGE ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разработка и валидация экологически чистых методов УФ-спектроскопии и обращенно-фазовой ВЭЖХ для одновременного количественного определения эмпаглифлозина и лозартана и оценка экологичности с использованием индексов BAGI и CACI</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Development and Validation of Eco-Friendly UV Spectroscopic and RP-HPLC Methods for Simultaneous Quantification of Empagliflozin and Losartan: Greenness Assessment Using BAGI, CACI</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Patel</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Patel</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадодара, Гуджарат</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kunj Patel - Faculty of Pharmacy – Sigma University.</p><p>Vadodara, Gujarat</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Kalsara</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalsara</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадодара, Гуджарат</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krishna Kalsara - Faculty of Pharmacy – Sigma University.</p><p>Vadodara, Gujarat</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Dalwadi</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dalwadi</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадодара, Гуджарат</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mitali Dalwadi - Faculty of Pharmacy – Sigma University.</p><p>Vadodara, Gujarat</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Upadhyay</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Upadhyay</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадодара, Гуджарат</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Siddhi Upadhyay - Faculty of Pharmacy – Sigma University.</p><p>Vadodara, Gujarat</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Patil</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Patil</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадодара, Гуджарат</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Priyanka Patil - Faculty of Pharmacy – Sigma University.</p><p>Vadodara, Gujarat</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Upadhyay</surname><given-names>U.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Upadhyay</surname><given-names>U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадодара, Гуджарат</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Umesh Upadhyay - Faculty of Pharmacy – Sigma University.</p><p>Vadodara, Gujarat</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Shah</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shah</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Умракх, Гуджарат</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ketan Shah.</p><p>Umrakh, Gujarat</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Akabari</surname><given-names>A. H.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akabari</surname><given-names>A. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Умракх, Гуджарат</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ashok H. Akabari.</p><p>Umrakh, Gujarat</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ashokakabari@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Сигма</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sigma University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Фармацевтический колледж Шри Наранджибхая Лалбхая Пателя</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Shree Naranjibhai Lalbhai Patel College of Pharmacy</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>93</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>296</fpage><lpage>10</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Patel K., Kalsara K., Dalwadi M., Upadhyay S., Patil P., Upadhyay U., Shah K., Akabari A.H., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Patel K., Kalsara K., Dalwadi M., Upadhyay S., Patil P., Upadhyay U., Shah K., Akabari A.H.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Patel K., Kalsara K., Dalwadi M., Upadhyay S., Patil P., Upadhyay U., Shah K., Akabari A.H.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zhps.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/2185">https://zhps.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/2185</self-uri><abstract><p>Разработаны УФ-спектрофотометрические и ВЭЖХ-методы для одновременного количественного определения эмпаглифлозина и лозартана в синтетической комбинированной лекарственной форме с фиксированной дозой. Помимо валидации методов проведена оценка устойчивости и сложности для обоснования выбора метода для рутинного фармацевтического анализа. УФ-спектрофотометрический метод основан на подходе с использованием отношения Q-поглощения при длинах волн 225 и 239.20 нм. Метод ВЭЖХ использует колонку C18 с подвижной фазой, состоящей из ортофосфорного буферного раствора (pH 3.0) и ацетонитрила (50:50, об/об) при скорости потока 1.0 мл/мин и детектировании при 217 нм. Оба метода валидированы в соответствии с рекомендациями ICH Q2(R2). Дополнительная оценка проведена с использованием индексов BAGI и CACI для оценки экологичности и эффективности процедуры. Оба метода продемонстрировали превосходную линейность (r2 &gt; 0.996), точность (%RSD &lt; 2) и степень извлечения в пределах допустимого диапазона 98–102%. УФ-метод получил хорошие оценки по экологической устойчивости (BAGI = 82.5) и практической простоте (CACI = 74) по сравнению с методом ВЭЖХ (BAGI = 72.5, CACI = 77). Результаты анализа подтверждают точность обоих методов для одновременного определения эмпаглифлозина и лозартана без помех со стороны вспомогательных веществ. Оценка экологичности разработанных методов дополнительно подтверждает, что УФ-метод более устойчив и эффективен, в то время как метод ВЭЖХ предпочтителен там, где требуется более высокая чувствительность или автоматизация.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study is to develop and validate UV spectrophotometric and RP-HPLC methods for the simultaneous quantification of empagliflozin and losartan in a synthetic fixed-dose combination. In addition to method validation, a sustainability and complexity assessment was performed to support method selection for routine pharmaceutical analysis. The UV method is based on a Q-absorbance ratio approach using 225 and 239.20 nm, while the HPLC method employed a C18 column with a mobile phase of orthophosphoric acid buffer (pH 3.0) and acetonitrile (50:50, v/v), at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min with detection at 217 nm. Both methods were validated according to ICH Q2(R2) guidelines. Further evaluation was conducted using the blue applicability grade index (BAGI) and click analytical chemistry index (CACI) to assess greenness and procedural efficiency. Both methods demonstrated excellent linearity (r2 &gt; 0.996), precision (%RSD &lt; 2), and recovery within the acceptable range of 98–102%. The UV method achieved good scores in environmental sustainability (BAGI = 82.5) and practical simplicity (CACI = 74) compared to the HPLC method (BAGI = 72.5, CACI = 77). The assay results confirmed the accuracy of both methods for simultaneous estimation of empagliflozin and losartan without interference from excipients. The developed UV spectrophotometry and RP-HPLC methods are found to be accurate, precise, and suitable for routine estimations of empagliflozin and losartan in bulk and laboratory-prepared mixtures. The greenness assessments of developed methods further support the UV method as a more sustainable and efficient choice, while the HPLC method remains preferable where greater sensitivity or automation is required.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эмпаглифлозин</kwd><kwd>лозартан</kwd><kwd>метод ВЭЖХ с обращенной фазой</kwd><kwd>метод УФ-спектрофотометрии</kwd><kwd>оценка экологичности</kwd><kwd>индекс применимости синего цвета (BAGI)</kwd><kwd>индекс аналитической химии клик-реакции (CACI)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>empagliflozin</kwd><kwd>losartan</kwd><kwd>RP-HPLC method</kwd><kwd>UV Spectrophotometry method</kwd><kwd>Greenness assessment</kwd><kwd>blue applicability grade index (BAGI)</kwd><kwd>click analytical chemistry index (CACI)</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. Forycka, J. Hajdys, J. Krzemińska, P. 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