<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zhps</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал прикладной спектроскопии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Zhurnal Prikladnoii Spektroskopii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-7506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zhps-2186</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АННОТАЦИИ АНГЛОЯЗЫЧНЫХ СТАТЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ABSTRACTS ENGLISH-LANGUAGE ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оптические, фотолюминесцентные и двулучепреломляющие свойства жидкокристаллических материалов на основе p-n-нонилоксибензойной кислоты с наночастицами ZnO для применения в дисплеях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optical, Photoluminescence, and Birefringence Studies on ZnO-Dispersed p-n-Nonyloxy Benzoic Acid Liquid Crystals for Display Device Application</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Jayaprada</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Jayaprada</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виджаявада</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Physics, Dhanekula Institute of Engineering and Technology.</p><p>Vijayawada</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Manepalli</surname><given-names>R. K.N.R.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Manepalli</surname><given-names>R. K.N.R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Раджамундри</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Physics, Government College (A).</p><p>Rajahmundry</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof.mrnrao@andhrauniversity.edu.in</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Rani</surname><given-names>N. U.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rani</surname><given-names>N. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виджаявада</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>N. Usha Rani - Department of FED, PVP Siddhartha Institute of Technology.</p><p>Vijayawada</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Kumar</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kumar</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мачилипатнам</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>T. Anil Kumar - Department of Chemistry, Krishna University.</p><p>Machilipatnam</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Khan</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khan</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гандербал</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arif Khan.</p><p>Ganderbal</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Rao</surname><given-names>M. C.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rao</surname><given-names>M. C.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виджаявада</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Physics, Andhra Loyola College.</p><p>Vijayawada</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">raomc72@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Koutavarapu</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koutavarapu</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Раджам, Андхра-Прадеш</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ravindranadh Koutavarapu - Physics Division, Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, GMR Institute of Technology.</p><p>Rajam, Andhra Pradesh</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Begum</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Begum</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мачилипатнам</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>S. Salma Begum - Department of BS&amp;H, University College of Engineering and Technology, Krishna University.</p><p>Machilipatnam</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Инженерно-технологический институт Дханекула</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dhanekula Institute of Engineering and Technology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный колледж (А)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Government College (A)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Технологический институт Сиддхартхи</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>PVP Siddhartha Institute of Technology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Кришны</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Krishna University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральный университет Кашмира</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central University of Kashmir</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Колледж Андхра Лойола</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Andhra Loyola College</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Технологический институт GMR</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>GMR Institute of Technology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Инженерно-технологический колледж Университета Кришны</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Krishna University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>93</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>297</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Jayaprada P., Manepalli R.K., Rani N.U., Kumar T.A., Khan A., Rao M.C., Koutavarapu R., Begum S.S., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Jayaprada P., Manepalli R.K., Rani N.U., Kumar T.A., Khan A., Rao M.C., Koutavarapu R., Begum S.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Jayaprada P., Manepalli R.K., Rani N.U., Kumar T.A., Khan A., Rao M.C., Koutavarapu R., Begum S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zhps.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/2186">https://zhps.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/2186</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследованы оптические и фотолюминесцентные (ФЛ) свойства жидкокристаллического (ЖК) соединения, подобного p-n-нонилоксибензойной кислоте (9OBA), с дисперсией наночастиц оксида цинка (НЧ ZnO) в различных концентрациях (0.5–2 мас.%). Оптическое поглощение показывает максимум для чистой 9OBA при 240 нм, который смещается до 238 нм при дисперсии 1 мас.% НЧ ZnO. Исследования ФЛ показывают два максимума при 362 и 588 нм для чистой 9OBA и 389 нм для диспергированных НЧ ZnO. Максимум при 389 нм соответствует излучению вблизи края зоны свободных экситонов, тогда как максимум при 588 нм указывает на излучение глубоких уровней, обусловленное точечными дефектами, такими как вакансии и междоузлия в запрещенной зоне. Для приготовленных образцов измерены показатели преломления, двулучепреломление и дисперсионная способность, которые улучшаются за счет дисперсии НЧ ZnO в ЖК-соединении 9OBA. Измеренные показатели преломления аппроксимируются двух- и трехкоэффициентными моделями Коши. Результаты свидетельствуют об улучшении свойств материала, что полезно для дисплейных технологий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper presents optical and photoluminescence (PL) properties of liquid crystalline (LC) compound-like p-n-nonyloxy (9OBA) benzoic acid, with the dispersion of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) in different concentrations (0.5–2 wt.%). The optical absorbance reveals an absorption peak for pure 9OBA at 240 nm that is shifted to 238 nm upon dispersion of 1 wt.% ZnO NPs. PL studies show two significant peaks at 362 and 588 nm for pure 9OBA and 389 nm for dispersed ZnO NPs. The peak observed at 389 nm corresponds to the near-band-edge emission of free exactions, while the peak at 588 nm is indicative of deep-level emission, resulting from point defects such as vacancies and interstitials within the bandgap. Refractive indices, birefringence, and dispersive power are measured for the prepared samples. The properties related to refractive index, birefringence, and dispersive powers are enhanced through the dispersion of ZnO NPs in the 9OBA LC compound. The refractive indices measured are fitted with two- and three-coefficient Cauchy models. The outcome of the results suggests an enhancement in material properties that are beneficial for display technologies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>9OBA</kwd><kwd>наночастицы ZnO</kwd><kwd>оптические свойства</kwd><kwd>фотолюминесценция</kwd><kwd>показатель преломления</kwd><kwd>двулучепреломление</kwd><kwd>дисперсионная способность</kwd><kwd>константы Коши</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>9OBA</kwd><kwd>ZnO nanoparticles</kwd><kwd>optical</kwd><kwd>photoluminescence</kwd><kwd>refractive index</kwd><kwd>birefringence</kwd><kwd>dispersive power</kwd><kwd>Cauchy constants</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D. Demus, Handbook of Liquid Crystals, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim (1998).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D. Demus, Handbook of Liquid Crystals, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim (1998).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">P. G. De Gennes, The Physics of Liquid Crystals, Oxford University Press, New York (1993).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">P. G. De Gennes, The Physics of Liquid Crystals, Oxford University Press, New York (1993).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">E. B. Priestley, P. J. Wojtowicz, P. Sheng, Introduction to Liquid Crystals, Plenum Press, London (1974).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">E. B. Priestley, P. J. Wojtowicz, P. Sheng, Introduction to Liquid Crystals, Plenum Press, London (1974).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">M. Tejaswi, P. Pardhasaradhi, B. T. P. Madhav, M. C. Rao, D. Rama Sekhara Reddy, G. Giridhar, R. K. N. R. Manepalli, Optik, 219, 165151 (2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">M. Tejaswi, P. Pardhasaradhi, B. T. P. Madhav, M. C. Rao, D. Rama Sekhara Reddy, G. Giridhar, R. K. N. R. Manepalli, Optik, 219, 165151 (2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">L. Dolgov, O. Yaroshchuk, M. Lebovka, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 496, 212–229 (2008).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">L. Dolgov, O. Yaroshchuk, M. Lebovka, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 496, 212–229 (2008).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">H. Eskalen, S. Ozgan, U. Alver, S. Kerli, Acta Phys. Pol. A, 127, 756–760 (2015).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">H. Eskalen, S. Ozgan, U. Alver, S. Kerli, Acta Phys. Pol. A, 127, 756–760 (2015).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">P. C. Wu, S. Yi Yang, W. Lee, J. Mol. Liq., 218, 150–155 (2016).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">P. C. Wu, S. Yi Yang, W. Lee, J. Mol. Liq., 218, 150–155 (2016).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">U. B. Singh, R. Dhar, R. Dabrowski, M. B. Pandey, Liq. Cryst., 41, 953–959 (2014).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">U. B. Singh, R. Dhar, R. Dabrowski, M. B. Pandey, Liq. Cryst., 41, 953–959 (2014).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">H. Jiang, N. Toshima, Chem. Lett., 38, 566–567 (2009).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">H. Jiang, N. Toshima, Chem. Lett., 38, 566–567 (2009).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A. Malik, A. Choudhary, P. Silotia, A. M. Biradar, J. Appl. Phys., 110, 064111 (2011).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A. Malik, A. Choudhary, P. Silotia, A. M. Biradar, J. Appl. Phys., 110, 064111 (2011).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A. Rastogi, G. Pathak, A. Srivastava, J. Herman, R. Manohar, J. Mol. Liq., 255, 93–101 (2018).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A. Rastogi, G. Pathak, A. Srivastava, J. Herman, R. Manohar, J. Mol. Liq., 255, 93–101 (2018).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">S. Supreet, S. Kumar, K. Raina, R. Pratibha, Liq. Cryst., 40, 228–236 (2013).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">S. Supreet, S. Kumar, K. Raina, R. Pratibha, Liq. Cryst., 40, 228–236 (2013).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">N. Pushpavathi, K. L. Sandhya, S. Krishna Prasad, J. Mol. Liq., 302, 112571 (2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">N. Pushpavathi, K. L. Sandhya, S. Krishna Prasad, J. Mol. Liq., 302, 112571 (2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D. Jayoti, P. Malik, S. Krishna Prasad, J. Mol. Liq., 250, 381–387 (2018).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D. Jayoti, P. Malik, S. Krishna Prasad, J. Mol. Liq., 250, 381–387 (2018).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">F. Li, O. Buchnev, C. I. Cheon, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 97, 147801 (2006).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">F. Li, O. Buchnev, C. I. Cheon, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 97, 147801 (2006).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. P. F. Lagerwall, G. Scalia, Curr. Appl. Phys., 12, 1387–1412 (2012).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J. P. F. Lagerwall, G. Scalia, Curr. Appl. Phys., 12, 1387–1412 (2012).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">O. Stamatoiu, J. Mirzaei, X. Feng, T. Hegmann, Curr. Chem., 318, 331–394 (2012).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">O. Stamatoiu, J. Mirzaei, X. Feng, T. Hegmann, Curr. Chem., 318, 331–394 (2012).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">M. Balkanloo, A. Ghanadzadeh, H. Tavakol, Optik, 276, 170487 (2023).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">M. Balkanloo, A. Ghanadzadeh, H. Tavakol, Optik, 276, 170487 (2023).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">V. Bressi, A. Giorgianni, G. Romeo, R. Cipri, Mater. Chem. Phys., 266, 124518 (2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">V. Bressi, A. Giorgianni, G. Romeo, R. Cipri, Mater. Chem. Phys., 266, 124518 (2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. Huang, F. Li, D. Yang, J. Lumin., 276, 120546 (2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J. Huang, F. Li, D. Yang, J. Lumin., 276, 120546 (2024).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A. Kumar, R. S. Yadav, S. Singh, J. Mol. Liq., 364, 119958 (2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A. Kumar, R. S. Yadav, S. Singh, J. Mol. Liq., 364, 119958 (2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">R. Mahapatra, R. Sahoo, Liq. Cryst., 48, No. 11, 1665–1676 (2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">R. Mahapatra, R. Sahoo, Liq. Cryst., 48, No. 11, 1665–1676 (2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">C. Li, Q. Xu, Opt. Mater., 107, 110032 (2020).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">C. Li, Q. Xu, Opt. Mater., 107, 110032 (2020).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Y. Kang, S. H. Lee, Displays, 80, 102554 (2023).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Y. Kang, S. H. Lee, Displays, 80, 102554 (2023).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">M. Venkatesan, P. Ramasamy, Ceram. Int., 50, No. 5, 6251–6261 (2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">M. Venkatesan, P. Ramasamy, Ceram. Int., 50, No. 5, 6251–6261 (2024).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">T. Zhang, Y. Chen, J. Alloys Compd., 994, 180074 (2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">T. Zhang, Y. Chen, J. Alloys Compd., 994, 180074 (2025).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. C. Loudet, P. Barois, P. Poulin, Nature, 407, 611–613 (2000).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J. C. Loudet, P. Barois, P. Poulin, Nature, 407, 611–613 (2000).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">F. Oba, S. R. Nishitani, S. Isotani, H. Adachi, I. Tanaka, J. Appl. Phys., 90, 824–828 (2001).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">F. Oba, S. R. Nishitani, S. Isotani, H. Adachi, I. Tanaka, J. Appl. Phys., 90, 824–828 (2001).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">P. Jayaprada, P. Pardhasaradhi, B. T. P. Madhav, K. Krishna Reddy, D. Rama Sekhara Reddy, G. Giridhar, M. C. Rao, R. K. N. R. Manepalli, Z. Naturforsch., 76, 75–98 (2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">P. Jayaprada, P. Pardhasaradhi, B. T. P. Madhav, K. Krishna Reddy, D. Rama Sekhara Reddy, G. Giridhar, M. C. Rao, R. K. N. R. Manepalli, Z. Naturforsch., 76, 75–98 (2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">H. Mada, S. Kobayashi, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 33, 47–53 (1976).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">H. Mada, S. Kobayashi, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 33, 47–53 (1976).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. Li, C. H. Wen, S. Gauza, R. Lu, S. T. Wu, J. Disp. Technol., 1, 51–61 (2005).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J. Li, C. H. Wen, S. Gauza, R. Lu, S. T. Wu, J. Disp. Technol., 1, 51–61 (2005).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">S. T. Wu, Phys. Rev. A, 33, 1270–1274 (1986).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">S. T. Wu, Phys. Rev. A, 33, 1270–1274 (1986).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. Li, S. T. Wu, J. Appl. Phys., 96, 170–174 (2004).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J. Li, S. T. Wu, J. Appl. Phys., 96, 170–174 (2004).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
