<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zhps</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал прикладной спектроскопии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Zhurnal Prikladnoii Spektroskopii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-7506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zhps-645</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ФАЗОВЫЙ СОСТАВ, МИКРОСТРУКТУРА И ОПТИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА ТОНКИХ ПЛЕНОК Cu2SnS3</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PHASE COMPOSITION, MICROSTRUCTURE, AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF Cu2SnS3 THIN FILMS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зарецкая</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaretskaya</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">ezaret@ifttp.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гременок</surname><given-names>В. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gremenok</surname><given-names>V. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk, 220072</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanoy</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk, 220072</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Станчик</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stanchik</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk, 220072</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородавченко</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borodavchenko</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk, 220072</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жигулин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhyhulin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осчелик</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Özçelik</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">sozcelik@gazi.edu.tr</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акчай</surname><given-names>Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akcay</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">neslihanakcay@baskent.edu.tr</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-практичеcкий центр НАН Беларуси по материаловедению</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Scientific and Production Association, Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный центр “Белмикроанализ” филиала научно-технического центра “Белмикросистемы” ОАО “ИНТЕГРАЛ” — управляющая компания холдинга “ИНТЕГРАЛ”</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>JSC “INTEGRAL” – “INTEGRAL” Holding Managing Company</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Гази, научно-исследовательский центр фотоники</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gazi University, Photonics Application &amp; Research Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>87</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>462</fpage><lpage>468</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зарецкая Е.П., Гременок В.Ф., Иванов В.А., Станчик А.В., Бородавченко О.М., Жигулин Д.В., Осчелик С., Акчай Н., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зарецкая Е.П., Гременок В.Ф., Иванов В.А., Станчик А.В., Бородавченко О.М., Жигулин Д.В., Осчелик С., Акчай Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zaretskaya E.P., Gremenok V.F., Ivanoy V.A., Stanchik A.V., Borodavchenko O.M., Zhyhulin D.V., Özçelik S., Akcay N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zhps.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/645">https://zhps.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/645</self-uri><abstract><p>Тонкие пленки Cu2SnS3 (CTS) получены путем осаждения слоев Sn/Cu методом ВЧ распыления с последующим отжигом в атмосфере Ar/S с источниками S и Sn. По данным рентгеноструктурного анализа и спектроскопии комбинационного рассеяния света показано, что однофазные CTS-пленки моноклинной структуры со следами фазы CuxS формируются при температуре 520 °C. Методом сканирующей электронной микроскопии выявлена компактная и однородная микроструктура поликристаллических CTS-слоев. В спектрах фотолюминесценции пленок CTS моноклинной модификации проявляется одна широкая полоса в диапазоне энергий 0.7—1.0 эВ, обусловленная оптическими переходами электронов из зоны проводимости на глубокие энергетические уровни дефектов акцепторного типа.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Cu2SnS3 (CTS) thin films were produced by deposition of Sn/Cu layers by RF sputtering followed by annealing in an Ar/S atmosphere with S and Sn sources. According to XRD analyses and Raman spectroscopy, it was shown that single-phase CTS films of a monoclinic structure with traces of the CuxS phase were formed at a temperature of 520 °C. The scanning electron spectroscopy revealed a compact and homogeneous microstructure of the polycrystalline CTS layers. Photoluminescence spectra of the СTS films of monoclinic modification show one wide peak in the energy range of 0.7—1.0 eV, due to optical transitions of electrons from the conduction band to deep energy levels of acceptor-type defects.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>солнечный элемент</kwd><kwd>Cu2SnS3</kwd><kwd>тонкая пленка</kwd><kwd>кристаллическая структура</kwd><kwd>спектроскопия комбинационного рассеяния света</kwd><kwd>фотолюминесценция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>solar cell</kwd><kwd>Cu2SnS3</kwd><kwd>thin film</kwd><kwd>crystal structure</kwd><kwd>Raman spectroscopy</kwd><kwd>photoluminecsence</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования выполнены при финансовой поддержке Белорусского республиканского фонда фундаментальных исследований (грант № Ф18ТЮБ-006) и Совета по научно-техническим исследованиям Турции TUBITAK (TR) (грант № 118 F009).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">P. Jackson, R. Wuerz, D. Hariskos, E. Lotter, W. Witte, M. Powalla. Phys. Status Solidi – Rapid Res. Lett., 10 (2016) 583—586</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">P. Jackson, R. Wuerz, D. Hariskos, E. Lotter, W. Witte, M. Powalla. Phys. Status Solidi – Rapid Res. Lett., 10 (2016) 583—586</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">W. Wang, M. T. Winkler, O. Gunawan, T. Gokmen, T. K. Todorov, Y. Zhu, D. B. Mitzi. Adv. Energy Mater., 4 (2014) 1301465(1—5)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">W. Wang, M. T. Winkler, O. Gunawan, T. Gokmen, T. K. Todorov, Y. Zhu, D. B. Mitzi. Adv. Energy Mater., 4 (2014) 1301465(1—5)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">M. Onoda, X. Chen, A. Sato, H. Wada. Mater. Res. Bull., 35 (2000) 1563—1570</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">M. Onoda, X. Chen, A. Sato, H. Wada. Mater. Res. Bull., 35 (2000) 1563—1570</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D. Avellaneda, M. T. S. Nair, P. K. Nair. J. Electrochem. Soc., 157 (2010) D346—D352</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D. Avellaneda, M. T. S. Nair, P. K. Nair. J. Electrochem. Soc., 157 (2010) D346—D352</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">N. Aihara, H. Araki, A. Takeuchi, K. Jimbo, H. Katagiri. Phys. Status Solidi, 10 (2013) 1086—1091</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">N. Aihara, H. Araki, A. Takeuchi, K. Jimbo, H. Katagiri. Phys. Status Solidi, 10 (2013) 1086—1091</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">P. A. Fernandes, P. M. P. Salomé, A. F. da Cunha. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 43 (2010) 215403</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">P. A. Fernandes, P. M. P. Salomé, A. F. da Cunha. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 43 (2010) 215403</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A. Kuku, O. A. Fakolujo. Sol. Energy Mater., 16 (1987) 199—204</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A. Kuku, O. A. Fakolujo. Sol. Energy Mater., 16 (1987) 199—204</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A. Kanai, K. Toyonaga, K. Chino, H. Katagiri, H. Araki. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 54 (2015) 08KC06(1—4)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A. Kanai, K. Toyonaga, K. Chino, H. Katagiri, H. Araki. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 54 (2015) 08KC06(1—4)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">M. Nakashima, J. Fujimoto, T. Yamaguchi, M. Izaki. Appl. Phys. Express, 8 (2015) 042303(1—4)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">M. Nakashima, J. Fujimoto, T. Yamaguchi, M. Izaki. Appl. Phys. Express, 8 (2015) 042303(1—4)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A. C. Lokhande, R. B. V Chalapathy, M. He, E. Jo, M. Gang, S. A. Pawar, C. D. Lokhande, J. H. Kim. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 153 (2016) 84—107</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A. C. Lokhande, R. B. V Chalapathy, M. He, E. Jo, M. Gang, S. A. Pawar, C. D. Lokhande, J. H. Kim. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 153 (2016) 84—107</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">R. Chierchia, F. Pigna, M. Valentini, C. Malerba, E. Salza, P. Mangiapane, T. Polichetti, A. Mittiga. Phys. Status Solidi Curr. Top. Solid State Phys., 13 (2016) 35—39</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">R. Chierchia, F. Pigna, M. Valentini, C. Malerba, E. Salza, P. Mangiapane, T. Polichetti, A. Mittiga. Phys. Status Solidi Curr. Top. Solid State Phys., 13 (2016) 35—39</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D. Tiwari, T. K. Chaudhuri, T. Shripathi, U. Deshpande, V. G. Sathe. Appl. Phys. Mater. Sci. Process., 117 (2014) 1139—1146</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D. Tiwari, T. K. Chaudhuri, T. Shripathi, U. Deshpande, V. G. Sathe. Appl. Phys. Mater. Sci. Process., 117 (2014) 1139—1146</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D. Tiwari, T. K. Chaudhuri, T. Shripathi, U. Deshpande, R. Rawat. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 113 (2013) 165—170</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D. Tiwari, T. K. Chaudhuri, T. Shripathi, U. Deshpande, R. Rawat. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 113 (2013) 165—170</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. Li, J. Huang, Y. Zhang, Y. Wang, C. Xue, G. Jiang, W. Liu, C. Zhu. RSC Adv., 6 (2016) 58786—58795</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J. Li, J. Huang, Y. Zhang, Y. Wang, C. Xue, G. Jiang, W. Liu, C. Zhu. RSC Adv., 6 (2016) 58786—58795</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">H. Dahman, L. El Mir, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., 26 (2015) 6032—6039</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">H. Dahman, L. El Mir, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., 26 (2015) 6032—6039</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. Han, Y. Zhou, Y. Tian, Z. Huang, X. Wang, J. Zhong, Z. Xia, B. Yang, H. Song, J. Tang. Front. Optoelectron., 7 (2014) 37—45</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J. Han, Y. Zhou, Y. Tian, Z. Huang, X. Wang, J. Zhong, Z. Xia, B. Yang, H. Song, J. Tang. Front. Optoelectron., 7 (2014) 37—45</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">T. K. Todorov, J. Tang, S. Bag, O. Gunawan, T. Gokmen, Y. Zhu, D. B. Mitzi. Adv. Energy Mater., 3 (2013) 34—38</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">T. K. Todorov, J. Tang, S. Bag, O. Gunawan, T. Gokmen, Y. Zhu, D. B. Mitzi. Adv. Energy Mater., 3 (2013) 34—38</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">M. Ferrari, L. Lutterotti. J. Appl. Phys., 76, N 11 (1994) 7246—7255</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">M. Ferrari, L. Lutterotti. J. Appl. Phys., 76, N 11 (1994) 7246—7255</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">H.-R. Wenk, S. Matthies, L. Lutterotti. Mater. Sci. Forum, 157–162 (1194) 473—480</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">H.-R. Wenk, S. Matthies, L. Lutterotti. Mater. Sci. Forum, 157–162 (1194) 473—480</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">L. Lutterotti, S. Matthies, H.-R. Wenk, A. J. Schultz, J. Richardson. J. Appl. Phys., 81, N 2 (1997) 594—600</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">L. Lutterotti, S. Matthies, H.-R. Wenk, A. J. Schultz, J. Richardson. J. Appl. Phys., 81, N 2 (1997) 594—600</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pawel Zawadzki, Lauryn L. Baranowski, Haowei Peng, Eric S. Toberer, David S. Ginley, William Tumas, Andriy Zakutayev, Stephan Lany. Appl. Phys. Lett., 103, N 25 (2013) 253902</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pawel Zawadzki, Lauryn L. Baranowski, Haowei Peng, Eric S. Toberer, David S. Ginley, William Tumas, Andriy Zakutayev, Stephan Lany. Appl. Phys. Lett., 103, N 25 (2013) 253902</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">G. Marcano, C. Rincón, Rincon, S. A. Lopez, G. Sanchez Perez, J. L. Herrera- Perez, J. G. Mendoza-Alvarez, P. Rodriguez. Solid State Commun., 151, N 1 (2011) 84—86</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">G. Marcano, C. Rincón, Rincon, S. A. Lopez, G. Sanchez Perez, J. L. Herrera- Perez, J. G. Mendoza-Alvarez, P. Rodriguez. Solid State Commun., 151, N 1 (2011) 84—86</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">G. E. Delgado, A. J. Mora, G. Marcano, C. Rincón. Mater. Res. Bull., 38 (2003) 1949—1953</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">G. E. Delgado, A. J. Mora, G. Marcano, C. Rincón. Mater. Res. Bull., 38 (2003) 1949—1953</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">T. J. Wieting T. J. J. LVerble. Phys. Rev. B, 3 (1971) 4286—4292</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">T. J. Wieting T. J. J. LVerble. Phys. Rev. B, 3 (1971) 4286—4292</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J. de Wild, E. Kalesaki, L. Wirtz, P. J. Dale. Phys. Status Solidi RRL, 11 (2017) 1600410</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J. de Wild, E. Kalesaki, L. Wirtz, P. J. Dale. Phys. Status Solidi RRL, 11 (2017) 1600410</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Crovetto, R. Chen, R. B. Ettlinger, A. C. Cazzaniga, J. Schou, C. Persson, O. Hansen. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 154 (2016) 121—129</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Crovetto, R. Chen, R. B. Ettlinger, A. C. Cazzaniga, J. Schou, C. Persson, O. Hansen. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 154 (2016) 121—129</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">N. Aihara, Y. Matsumoto, K. Tanaka. Appl. Phys. Lett., 108 (2016) 092107</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">N. Aihara, Y. Matsumoto, K. Tanaka. Appl. Phys. Lett., 108 (2016) 092107</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">T. Raadik, M. Grossberg, J. Krustok, M. Kauk-Kuusik, A. Crovetto, R. Bolz Ettinger, O. Hansen, J. Schou. Appl. Phys. Lett., 110 (2017) 261105</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">T. Raadik, M. Grossberg, J. Krustok, M. Kauk-Kuusik, A. Crovetto, R. Bolz Ettinger, O. Hansen, J. Schou. Appl. Phys. Lett., 110 (2017) 261105</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
