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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zhps</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Журнал прикладной спектроскопии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Zhurnal Prikladnoii Spektroskopii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-7506</issn><publisher><publisher-name>B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zhps-784</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОПТИЧЕСКИЙ МЕТОД ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ ВОДЫ В ЛИСТЬЯХ САЛАТА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FUSION OF THREE OPTICAL SENSORS FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE DETECTION OF WATER CONTENT IN LETTUCE CANOPIES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Gao</surname><given-names>H. Y.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gao</surname><given-names>H. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>212013, Чжэньцзян</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">gaohy@ujs.edu.cn</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Mao</surname><given-names>H. P.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mao</surname><given-names>H. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>212013, Чжэньцзян</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhenjiang 212013</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>X. D.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>X. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>212013, Чжэньцзян</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhenjiang 212013</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ullah</surname><given-names>I.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ullah</surname><given-names>I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>212013, Чжэньцзян</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhenjiang 212013</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Wei</surname><given-names>X. H.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Wei</surname><given-names>X. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>212013, Чжэньцзян</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhenjiang 212013</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Школа сельскохозяйственной инженерии Университета Цзянсу</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>School of Agricultural Engineering at Jiangsu University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>88</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>170(1)-170(9)</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Gao H.Y., Mao H.P., Zhang X.D., Ullah I., Wei X.H., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Gao H.Y., Mao H.P., Zhang X.D., Ullah I., Wei X.H.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gao H.Y., Mao H.P., Zhang X.D., Ullah I., Wei X.H.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zhps.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/784">https://zhps.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/784</self-uri><abstract><p>Предложен и экспериментально протестирован метод неразрушающего контроля содержания воды в листьях салата латук, основанный на использовании комбинации спектров, RGB-изображений и температуры растительного покрова. Для сбора данных отобрано 130 образцов салата, выращенных при четырех различных уровнях содержания воды в субстрате. Для спектроскопических измерений с помощью метода частичных наименьших квадратов, использующего алгоритм обратных интервалов, выбраны пять спектральных интервалов, включающих в себя 380 точек, число которых далее уменьшено до 48 с использованием генетического алгоритма, основанного на сглаживании Савицкого–Голея и логарифмическом (1/R) преобразовании. С помощью метода последовательных проекций выбраны оптимальные для измерения длины волн 967, 1170, 1221, 1406, 1484, 1942 и 1985 нм. Тринадцать морфологических, цветовых и текстурных особенностей растений выявлены из RGB-изображений – фронтального и вида сверху. На основе сопоставления тепловых изображений исследуемых образцов с таковыми для сухих и влажных эталонных поверхностей эмпирически установлен индекс водного стресса. К спектральным данным и характеристикам изображения применен анализ главных компонент, причем для построения моделей с несколькими и одним сенсорами использован метод экстремального машинного обучения. Результаты показывают, что модель с несколькими сенсорами имеет коэффициент корреляции 0.9018, который на ~9.4 и 15.7% лучше, чем у спектральной модели и модели изображений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Experiments were conducted to develop and assess a method by which the water content of a lettuce canopy can be nondestructively detected and estimated using a combination of spectra, RGB images, and canopy temperature. To this end, 130 lettuce samples grown in four different substrate water content levels were collected for data acquisition. In the spectroscopy procedure, five spectral intervals (380 variables) were selected by backward interval partial least squares and were further reduced to 48 wavelength variables, chosen using a genetic algorithm based on Savitzky–Golay smoothing and log (1/R) transformation. Then, 967, 1170, 1221, 1406, 1484, 1942, and 1985 nm optimum spectral variables were selected by the successive projection algorithm. Thirteen plant features were extracted from top- and front-view RGB images. These features comprised morphological, color, and textural features. An empirical crop water stress index was established based on dry and wet reference surfaces via thermal imagery. Subsequently, a principal component analysis was applied to the spectral variables and the image features, and an extreme learning machine was used to construct the multisensor and single-sensor models. The results show that the multisensor model had a correlation coefficient of prediction of 0.9018, which was found to be approximately 9.4 and 15.7% better than that of the spectral and image models. This work demonstrates that integrating spectra, RGB images, and canopy temperature with suitable algorithms offers a high potential for use in the nondestructive measurement of water content in lettuce, considerably improving accuracy over that using a single-sensor modality.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спектр</kwd><kwd>RGB-изображения</kwd><kwd>температура растительного покрова</kwd><kwd>объединение данных множества сенсоров</kwd><kwd>неразрушающий контроль содержания воды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spectrum</kwd><kwd>RGB images</kwd><kwd>canopy temperature</kwd><kwd>multi-sensors data fusion</kwd><kwd>nondestructive detection of water content</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was funded by the Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China (grant number 2017YFD0700504); the Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 61771224); the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (grant number BK20180864); the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China (grant number 2017M621650); Synergistic Innovation Center of Jiangsu Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology (grant number 4091600028); Open Fund of the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology (grant number JNZ201903); Project of Faculty of Agricultural Equipment of Jiangsu University (grant number NZXB20200203).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ü. 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