Transformation of Phenol in Solid Mixtures with Humic Acids under Electron Beam Irradiation

The pulsed cathodoluminescence spectra of solid phenol, humic acids isolated from oxidized brown coal (Mongolia, China), including those subjected to mechanical activation, and mixtures of phenol with humic acids with a phenol content of 10, 30, 50, 70, and 90 wt.% were recorded. The spectra were recorded in the range from 350 to 850 nm upon irradiation with an electron beam of 2 ns duration with an average energy of 170 keV. The number of irradiation pulses, following at the frequency of 1 Hz, varied from 20 to 4000, while the absorbed dose from one pulse was about 1.4 kGy. It was shown that humic acids do not luminesce, but phenol emission appears in mixtures. The degree of phenol transformation in the mixtures under the action of an electron beam was determined by analyzing the pulsed cathodoluminescence spectra. The intense band at 375 nm is due to the transition from the triplet state T1 of phenol to the ground state S0. Two bands at 395 and 475 nm are formed by the transition from T1 state to the first and fourth vibrational levels of the ground state S0, and the long-wavelength band at 740 nm corresponds to Ti®T1 transition. With an increase in the number of irradiation pulses, the behavior of the intensities of all four phenol luminescence bands becomes extreme, indicating its transformation. The interaction of humic acids with phenol occurs through physical adsorption. The presence of humic acids in most samples inhibits the transformation of phenol molecules. The relative positions of the functional carboxyl group and the phenol molecule in the mixtures have an effect.

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