Formation of Vortex Annular Light Beams with Suppression Divergence

Vortex Bessel beams (VBBs) generated by an optical system consisting of two axicons with a small difference in cone angles and a spiral phase plate are studied using analytical and numerical methods. A method for producing vortex annular beams is proposed based on apexing the VBBs at the first minimum of the intensity distribution. It is shown that, compared to nonvortex annular beams of the same power generated by a two-axicon system, these beams are characterized by a single ring maximum in the transversal intensity distribution and suppressed diffraction divergence of the axial minimum. It is established that apexing the VBBs at the second minimum enables the formation of light beams whose diffraction broadening of the axial minimum is negligible at distances up to hundreds of meters. The suppressed diffraction broadening of the axial minimum dimensions at significant distances expands the possibilities of practical application of the proposed vortex ring beams to areas where stable singularities of the wave field are needed, in particular, for quantum information encoding, data transmission in free space, and for three-dimensional nanoscopy.

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