ESTIMATION OF THE INDICATOR ABILITY OF SEVERAL LICHENS AT ECOLOGICAL MONITORING OF METALS WITH THE USE OF ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTRAL ANALYSIS

Abstract

We studied the prevalence of heavy metals and metalloids (HM) in forest park zones of Tver on the basis of ecological monitoring using ICP-AES-analysis. We detected the presence of 14 heavy metals in the samples of two lichen species (Hypogymnia physodes, Xanthoria parietina) and 13 HM in the soil specimens. The spectra of heavy metals in both species in all the investigated model territories are similar. However, the differences in the level of content of the abovementioned metals in lichens and the components of the environment are revealed. They are due to the specific processes of ecotoxicant absorption by living objects. The cumulative features of HM and the indicator abilities of the studied lichens depend on the anthropogenic transformation of territory and the ecotype features and specificity of the chemical composition of lichens species. For the anthropogenically transformed territories Hypogymnia physodes has the largest indicator value, and for undisturbed phytocenosis this indicator has a maximum for Xanthoria parietina. Each of these species allows us to diagnose zinc, manganese, copper, cadmium, vanadium, and lead. Xanthoria parietina actively absorbs tin and chrome, whereas Hypogymnia physodes absorbs nickel and cobalt. It should be considered during monitoring.